Have you ever wondered , if the oil that is in liquid oil wells already ? Why cooking oil mixed with water when heated will cause sparks ? Well , consider the following explanation of this ! Each substance is composed of particles that are very small . The existence of particles can be demonstrated , for example one tablespoon of salt dissolved in a glass of water . What can you feel when the solution is worth trying ? Not taste salty ? How can we obtain the salt that has been dissolved in water ? Try to heat the salt solution to boiling , so that all the water evaporates . You will get back the salt . This
suggests that the separation of the mixture can be made based on the
difference in boiling point between the constituent particles . Separation of the mixture can be done in various ways , among others :
1 . Separation of the mixture by means of filtration ( filtration )
Have you ever seen a construction worker who was doing the separation between the sand with gravel ? Do you know why after shredded coconut should knead while adding water ? Separation
of sand with gravel and water to the grated coconut separation aims to
separate substances that are mixed in the mixture . Particles that have a smaller size will escape intact, large sieve will be captured on the filter. Why well water looks clear even though it was raining ? Natural events to earth rain will flow to the lower surface of the earth by bringing other substances .
The
water seeped into the soil through tiny cracks , and suffered filtering
by the soil layer , thus resulting clear water sources . Separation of mixtures of laboratory operations can be performed using filter paper . Selection of filter size adjusted to the size of the substances to be separated . Separation of the mixture by looking at the difference in solubility can also be done by filtration ( filtration ) . Example , we want to separate a mixture of salt and sand . Step we take is to provide water to the mixture . Water is a solvent for substances that have properties dissolved . In this case the salt can be dissolved by water , while sand . Through a sand filtration process will be left behind , while the salt water passes from the filter . Substances are stuck and left in the filter paper is called the residue . Fluid can escape from the filter paper is called the filtrate .
2 . Separation of the mixture by means of Distillation ( distillation )
Refining or distillation is the process of separating a liquid mixture based on differences in boiling point substances . The
process of separation of the mixture by means of distillation carried
out by two processes , namely evaporation and condensation . Examples of the separation of the mixture by means of distillation ,
such as: obtaining gasoline from a mixture of water and gasoline ,
obtaining pure water from a mixture of water that has been contaminated
with dissolved solids in it , obtaining water from a mixture of water
and salt .
3 . Separation of the mixture by means of crystallization
Solids can not be separated from the solution by means of filtered . Solid substances , such as sugar and salt are dissolved in water can be separated from the solution by evaporation and occurs
crystallization . Farmers get salt salt by evaporating sea water . How do farmers get salt salt from sea water ? Sea water flowed into the ponds to be made off the coast . The flow of sea water can occur because one natural events , namely the tide is affected by the moon's gravity . After the sea water trapped in ponds , further evaporation process occurs with the help of sunlight . The water contained in the sea water will evaporate , thus forming salt crystals .
4 . Separation of the mixture by means of Sublimation
Separation of the mixture by sublimation performed on substances that can sublimate . Sublimation is the change of a substance from the solid state to gas or vice versa . Substances that can sublimate , among others : camphor , iodine , caffeine and others.
5 . Separation of the mixture by means of Chromatography
Mixture
separation process based on differences in velocity between the
particles propagate substances mixed in a medium called chromatography .
Activities you can do , eg how to separate a mixture of black ? Black ink is a mixture of several colors . Black separation into its constituent colors can be done by chromatography . understanding mix
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